Thermodynamic assessment of the Ga–Se–Te system

In this study, the Ga–Te binary system was reassessed by means of the CALPHAD method using a modified lattice stability parameter for Te as well as experimental data for this binary system. The two-sublattice ionic solution model was applied for the liquid phase, and the intermediate phases were described by the sublattice model. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters was optimized for all the phases in the Ga–Te binary system, which reproduced the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties well. Using the reevaluated Ga–Te system, previously assessed Ga–Se system, and modified Se–Te system, a critical evaluation of the Ga–Se–Te ternary system was performed. The calculated vertical sections, isothermal sections, and liquidus projection agreed reasonably well with the experimental data. Immiscibility in the liquid phase was observed, and the origin of this behavior is discussed from a thermodynamic perspective.     

Reference governors and maximal output admissible sets for linear periodic systems

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we consider the problem of constraint management in Linear Periodic (LP) systems using Reference Governors (RG). First, we introduce the periodic-invariant maximal output admissible sets for LP systems. We extend the earlier results in the literature to Lyapunov stable LP systems with output constraints, which arise in RG applications. We show that, while the invariant sets for these systems may not be finitely determined, a finitely-determined inner approximation, which is periodically invariant, can be obtained by constraint tightening. We then analyze the geometric and algebraic relationship between these sets and show that these sets are related via simple transformations, implying that it suffices to compute only one of them for real-time applications. This greatly reduces the memory burden of RG (or other similar constraint management strategies), at the expense of an increase in processing requirements. We present a thorough analysis of this trade-off. In the second part of this paper, we present two RG formulations, and discuss their properties and algorithms for their computation. Numerical simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.     

Short-range ordering and its effects on mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys

In this letter,we briefly summarize experimental and theoretical findings of fo rmation and characterization of short-range orderings(SROs)as well as their effects on the defo rmation behavior of high-entropy alloys(HEAs).We show that existence of SROs is a common yet key structural feature of HEAs,and tuning the degree of SROs is an effective way for optimizing mechanical properties of HEAs.In additional,the challenges concerning about formation mechanism and characterization of SROs in HEAs are discussed,and future research activities in this regard are also proposed.     

Deriving the priority weights from hesitant multiplicative preference relations in group decision making

In this paper, we investigate the deviation of the priority weights from hesitant multiplicative preference relations (HMPRs) in group decision-making environments. As basic elements of HMPRs, hesitant multiplicative elements (HMEs) usually have different numbers of possible values. To correctly compute or compare HMEs, there are two principles to normalize them, i.e., the α-normalization and the β-normalization. Based on the α-normalization, we develop a new goal programming model to derive the priority weights from HMPRs in group decision-making environments. Based on the β-normalization, a consistent HMPR and an acceptably consistent HMPR are defined, and their desired properties are studied. A convex combination method is then developed to obtain interval weights from an acceptably consistent HMPR. This approach is further extended to group decision-making situations in which the experts evaluate their preferences as several HMPRs. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the validity and applicability of the proposed models.     

Phase evolution and microstructural studies in CaZrTi2O7 (zirconolite)–Sm2Ti2O7 (pyrochlore) system

From the characterization of a series compositions with general stoichiometry as Ca_1−xZr_1−xSm_2xTi₂O₇ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 1.00), the phase evolution between zirconolite (CaZrTi₂O₇) and pyrochlore type Sm₂Ti₂O₇ has been elucidated. All the compositions were prepared by high temperature solid state reaction and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe for microanalyses (EPMA). Three major phase fields, namely two layer (2-M) or four layer (4-M) monoclinic zirconolite and cubic pyrochlore structure types were observed in this system. In addition, a feeble amount of perovskite type phase is found to coexist with zirconolite phase. 4-M zirconolite phase is observed as single phase field at the composition with x = 0.30 and 0.35, while cubic pyrochlore phase is observed as single phase at the compositions with x ≥ 0.60. Further, the composition and microstructure of coexisting phases are verified by back scattered electron image and EPMA studies.     

煤质分析中基准的确定和不同基的换算公式推导

针对煤化工初学者和质检人员容易混淆、难以理解的煤质分析中的基准及其确定、不同基准间的相互关系和换算公式等问题,介绍了煤质分析中基准的概念,阐述了煤的工业分析、煤的元素分析和其它常用指标分析中基准的表达和确定,分析了不同基准间的相互关系和物质含义,并根据物质不灭定律对不同基的换算公式进行了推导。     

重庆红粘土本构模型验证

以重庆红粘土为研究对象，通过对重庆红粘土在不同应力路径加荷条件下的应力－应变关系的分析研究，运用“土的本构关系图象程序”对重庆红粘土本构关系，进行了四种本要模型验证，认为非线性弹性成都科技大学Ｋ－Ｇ模型和殷宗泽双曲服面弹塑性模型能反映重庆红粘土应力－应变关系的本构模型，提出了相应的模型参数。     

有限集合上关系的矩阵描述

利用关系矩阵给出有限集合X上二元关系的运算及性质的矩阵描述,讨论了X上特殊关 系的矩阵条件.     

四川地区盐岩蠕变规律研究

四川盐岩地层对套管的影响主要表现在盐岩层的蠕变流动造成深井套管在较短时期内受到超常外挤压力而被挤毁，如广深一井，座三井等，经济损失十分严重。因此，盐岩地层蠕变规律研究是一项重要的基础工作。为此，研制了能加温加压的常规三轴蠕变实验装置，对深层盐岩进行常规三轴蠕变实验，获得蠕变曲线和岩石参数，建立盐岩的本构关系。在此基础上，采用有限元分析方法研究盐岩地层蠕变对井下套管的作用，得到蠕变载荷随井深，非均匀载荷井深系数，地应力不均匀系数的变化关系。研究结果对生产实践有重要的指导意义。     

云应盐矿盐岩蠕变特性试验研究

针对我国盐矿盐岩杂质多、泥岩夹层多的特点,通过对云应盐矿盐岩、含夹层盐岩两种不同盐岩试样进行不同围压、不同轴压下的蠕变试验,研究云应盐矿两种岩样的蠕变特性,通过试验数据建立其蠕变本构关系,并获得相应的蠕变参数。通过对两种岩样的蠕变参数比较发现,含夹层盐岩的稳态蠕变率对偏应力变化的的敏感性要略高于纯盐岩,而其对围压变化的敏感性要远低于纯盐岩。研究结论可用于盐岩体工程长期稳定性分析中。